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通过验血揭示皮肤癌的扩散

By LabMedica International staff writers
Posted on 12 Dec 2013
黑色素瘤是最严重的皮肤癌,一项简便的血液检验可用于鉴定黑色素瘤是否已开始扩散到身体的其它部位。

目前亟需转移性黑色素瘤的早期诊断,因为这是一种侵犯性的恶性病变,一旦转移则预后不良。虽然新的抗黑色素瘤药物极大改善了晚期黑色素瘤患者的临床预后,但几个月内黑色素瘤仍会复发,大块转移性黑色素瘤患者的预后仍然极差。

英国苏格兰邓迪大学的科学家调查了病人组织和血液里发现的癌症特异的甲基化标记物是否有助于揭示黑色素瘤进展的深层机理以及是否有望作为早期诊断癌症转移和预测病人预后的生物标记物。该研究使用了19个黑色素瘤细胞系、120份病人组织(包括原发性黑色素瘤和转移性黑色素瘤以及良性黑色素细胞痣)和41份血清样本。

为了研究候选基因的甲基化状态,科研小组利用焦磷酸测序、亚硫酸盐测序以及甲基化特异的聚合酶链反应(PCR)和定量聚合酶链反应(qPCR),以评估信使核糖核酸(mRNA)表达。他们检测到黑色素瘤细胞系和病人样本里编码组织因子途径抑制因子2 (TFPI2)、5'-核苷酸酶、ecto (NT5E)的基因和其它几种候选基因被甲基化。

17个黑色素瘤细胞系有11个(65%)出现TFPI2超甲基化,这与mRNA水平低有关,并与肿瘤样本里的转移性疾病密切关联。分析病人的血清发现,甲基化TFPI2有望作为癌症转移的表观遗传生物标记物,具有85%的高灵敏度和87%的高特异性。相较而言,NT5E甲基化似乎是原发性黑色素瘤和转移性黑色素瘤的良好的预后生物标记物。

该研究的论文在2013年11月4-7日于英国利物浦举行的国家癌症研究所癌症大会上做了宣读。领衔作者、皮肤病学教授Charlotte M. More...
Proby说:“通过验血评估DNA的景观是一种简单的方法,可以更多了解皮肤下正在发生的状况。某些基因的开和关似乎影响黑色素瘤扩散的时间、部位和原因。我们的目标是开发一组相似的生物标记物,帮助我们准确检测需要进一步治疗来杀灭黑色素瘤的患者。”

Related Links:

英国苏格兰邓迪大学
英国利物浦举行的国家癌症研究所

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