We use cookies to understand how you use our site and to improve your experience. This includes personalizing content and advertising. To learn more, click here. By continuing to use our site, you accept our use of cookies. Cookie Policy.

Features Partner Sites Information LinkXpress hp
Sign In
Advertise with Us
LGC Clinical Diagnostics

PROMEGA

Promega has a portfolio of more than 3,000 products covering the fields of genomics, protein analysis and expression,... read more Featured Products: More products

Download Mobile App




Diagnosis of Ovarian Cystic Granulosa Cell Tumors Investigated

By LabMedica International staff writers
Posted on 07 Dec 2022
Print article
Image: Histopathology of Granulosa Cell Tumor of the Ovary: the microfollicular pattern was present focally (Photo courtesy of Dr. Edward Uthman MD)
Image: Histopathology of Granulosa Cell Tumor of the Ovary: the microfollicular pattern was present focally (Photo courtesy of Dr. Edward Uthman MD)

Granulosa cell tumors (GCTs) of both juvenile (JGCT) and adult (AGCT) types may sometimes be completely or predominantly cystic. Interest in this subset of neoplasms has largely been related to their higher frequency of association with androgenic manifestations compared with their typical counterparts.

There is the tendency for cystic tumors to account for a disproportionate number of androgenic GCTs. However, most of the issues associated with these tumors from the perspective of the pathologist relate to their differential diagnosis with a variety of other cystic lesions. The challenge is often significant, in part because of overlapping gross features, but also because of frequent denudation or flattening of the lining epithelium that may impart a non-diagnostic appearance in many areas.

Pathologists at the Massachusetts General Hospital (Boston, MA, USA) and their international colleagues identified 80 cystic GCTs were from their consultation files and the archives of their institution between 1960 and 2020, including eight reported in a prior study. Tumors were included in this study only when the cyst lining was smooth or, at most, slightly granular; tumors with any intracystic solid component were excluded. From two to 28 (average, eight) hematoxylin and eosin–stained slides of tumor were available for review.

Five AGCTs with available material underwent FOXL2 mutation analysis. DNA extractions were performed with a Maxwell RSC DNA FFPE kit on a Maxwell RSC device (Promega, Madison, WI, USA). DNA was quantified using Promega QuantiFluor ONE dsDNA System. Sequencing reactions were carried out on the ABI Prism 3100 Genetic Analyzer (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA).

The scientists reported that the great majority of the cyst linings in the 24 AGCTs had areas of denudation ranging from minimal to moderate to extensive (>90% denudation in seven). All tumors were greater than 8 cm (average, 17 cm) with minimal to absent gross solid component. Denudation of cells lining the cysts was prominent. Invagination of the epithelium into the cyst walls was a key diagnostic feature, was present as cords, trabeculae, solid nests, and small and large follicles, and was identified in most tumors (17 AGCTs and 45 JGCTs). Cytologic atypia was essentially absent in AGCTs, whereas 14 JGCTs showed moderate to severe atypia of bizarre type. A theca cell component was present in all tumors and was extensive in 54. A FOXL2 hotspot mutation was identified in 1/4 AGCTs tested.

The authors concluded that despite extensive denudation, the finding of typical architectural patterns and cytologic features as well as, in some cases, androgenic manifestations helps differentiate cystic GCTs from follicle cysts, the most common and challenging differential diagnosis, as well as other cystic neoplasms that may enter the differential diagnosis. FOXL2 sequencing may show a false-negative result in cystic AGCT because of the limited number of cells present within the tumor sample. The study was published in the December 2022 issue of the journal Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine.

Related Links:
Massachusetts General Hospital
Promega
Applied Biosystems

Gold Member
Troponin T QC
Troponin T Quality Control
Verification Panels for Assay Development & QC
Seroconversion Panels
New
Respiratory Bacterial Panel
Real Respiratory Bacterial Panel 2
New
Piezoelectric Micropump
Disc Pump

Print article

Channels

Clinical Chemistry

view channel
Image: The tiny clay-based materials can be customized for a range of medical applications (Photo courtesy of Angira Roy and Sam O’Keefe)

‘Brilliantly Luminous’ Nanoscale Chemical Tool to Improve Disease Detection

Thousands of commercially available glowing molecules known as fluorophores are commonly used in medical imaging, disease detection, biomarker tagging, and chemical analysis. They are also integral in... Read more

Immunology

view channel
Image: The cancer stem cell test can accurately choose more effective treatments (Photo courtesy of University of Cincinnati)

Stem Cell Test Predicts Treatment Outcome for Patients with Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer

Epithelial ovarian cancer frequently responds to chemotherapy initially, but eventually, the tumor develops resistance to the therapy, leading to regrowth. This resistance is partially due to the activation... Read more

Microbiology

view channel
Image: The lab-in-tube assay could improve TB diagnoses in rural or resource-limited areas (Photo courtesy of Kenny Lass/Tulane University)

Handheld Device Delivers Low-Cost TB Results in Less Than One Hour

Tuberculosis (TB) remains the deadliest infectious disease globally, affecting an estimated 10 million people annually. In 2021, about 4.2 million TB cases went undiagnosed or unreported, mainly due to... Read more

Technology

view channel
Image: The HIV-1 self-testing chip will be capable of selectively detecting HIV in whole blood samples (Photo courtesy of Shutterstock)

Disposable Microchip Technology Could Selectively Detect HIV in Whole Blood Samples

As of the end of 2023, approximately 40 million people globally were living with HIV, and around 630,000 individuals died from AIDS-related illnesses that same year. Despite a substantial decline in deaths... Read more

Industry

view channel
Image: The collaboration aims to leverage Oxford Nanopore\'s sequencing platform and Cepheid\'s GeneXpert system to advance the field of sequencing for infectious diseases (Photo courtesy of Cepheid)

Cepheid and Oxford Nanopore Technologies Partner on Advancing Automated Sequencing-Based Solutions

Cepheid (Sunnyvale, CA, USA), a leading molecular diagnostics company, and Oxford Nanopore Technologies (Oxford, UK), the company behind a new generation of sequencing-based molecular analysis technologies,... Read more
Copyright © 2000-2025 Globetech Media. All rights reserved.