We use cookies to understand how you use our site and to improve your experience. This includes personalizing content and advertising. To learn more, click here. By continuing to use our site, you accept our use of cookies. Cookie Policy.

Features Partner Sites Information LinkXpress hp
Sign In
Advertise with Us
LGC Clinical Diagnostics

Download Mobile App




Molecular Changes Associated with Treating Lymphatic Filariasis

By LabMedica International staff writers
Posted on 09 Oct 2019
Print article
Image: A peripheral blood smear showing Wuchereria bancrofti microfilaria, found in a patient with lymphatic filariasis (Photo courtesy of Medical Chemical Corporation).
Image: A peripheral blood smear showing Wuchereria bancrofti microfilaria, found in a patient with lymphatic filariasis (Photo courtesy of Medical Chemical Corporation).
Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a disabling neglected tropical disease that is caused by the mosquito-borne filarial parasites Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi and B. timori. Adult worms live in the human host’s lymphatic system and release larval parasites (microfilariae or Mf) that circulate in the blood.

Although treatment is safe, transient mild to moderate systemic adverse events, such as joint pain, fever, rash, or cough, are common in individuals with circulating microfilariae in the blood. Since these adverse events (AEs) are quite uncommon in uninfected individuals, they are believed to be triggered by host responses to dying filarial worms rather than the drugs themselves.

Tropical Medicine specialists at the Washington University School of Medicine (St. Louis, MO, USA) randomly assigned 89 W. bancrofti-infected adults to one of four treatment arms and all participants had AE assessments performed 24 hours after treatment. The AE study enrolled a subset of 95 treated participants and specific analyses that were performed on samples from each of the 95 individuals. Nine of these participants experienced moderate AEs, 24 had mild AEs, and 62 had no AEs. There was no difference in age or sex distribution between the three AE groups.

The scientists used various methodologies to assess the participants’ reactions to the infection. This included a direct sandwich enzyme immunoassay (EIA) that uses the monoclonal antibody AD12 that binds to a carbohydrate epitope on circulating filarial antigen (CFA); immunoprecipitation and western blots where chemiluminescence was detected by a ChemiDoc imager; immune complex and complement components assays; 27 cytokines were measured with the MAGPIX system with the Bio-Rad Bio-Plex Human 27-Plex Cytokine Panel and Bio-Plex Cytokine Reagent Kit. Molecular analyses of RNA and differential gene expression and overall expression patterns were performed.

The investigators found that levels of filarial antigens increased after treatment in individuals with AEs, and this suggests that AEs are triggered by host responses to dying parasites. AEs were associated with elevations in serum levels of certain immune molecules called cytokines. Moreover, when the team compared patterns of gene expression in white blood cells between people with moderate AEs and those without AEs, they found 744 genes upregulated in people with AEs, including many genes involved in immune signaling.

The authors concluded that their study has provided new insights regarding the pathogenesis of post-treatment AEs in LF-infected individuals. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that a Wolbachia lipoprotein triggers AEs by binding to TLR2-TLR6, but other uncharacterized filarial antigens might also play a role. The study was published on September 26, 2019, in the journal PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.

Related Links:
Washington University School of Medicine

Gold Member
Serological Pipet Controller
PIPETBOY GENIUS
Verification Panels for Assay Development & QC
Seroconversion Panels
New
Toxoplasma Gondii Immunoassay
Toxo IgM AccuBind ELISA Kit
New
Auto Clinical Chemistry Analyzer
cobas c 703

Print article

Channels

Clinical Chemistry

view channel
Image: The tiny clay-based materials can be customized for a range of medical applications (Photo courtesy of Angira Roy and Sam O’Keefe)

‘Brilliantly Luminous’ Nanoscale Chemical Tool to Improve Disease Detection

Thousands of commercially available glowing molecules known as fluorophores are commonly used in medical imaging, disease detection, biomarker tagging, and chemical analysis. They are also integral in... Read more

Immunology

view channel
Image: The cancer stem cell test can accurately choose more effective treatments (Photo courtesy of University of Cincinnati)

Stem Cell Test Predicts Treatment Outcome for Patients with Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer

Epithelial ovarian cancer frequently responds to chemotherapy initially, but eventually, the tumor develops resistance to the therapy, leading to regrowth. This resistance is partially due to the activation... Read more

Pathology

view channel
Image: The ready-to-use DUB enzyme assay kits accelerate routine DUB activity assays without compromising data quality (Photo courtesy of Adobe Stock)

Sensitive and Specific DUB Enzyme Assay Kits Require Minimal Setup Without Substrate Preparation

Ubiquitination and deubiquitination are two important physiological processes in the ubiquitin-proteasome system, responsible for protein degradation in cells. Deubiquitinating (DUB) enzymes contain around... Read more

Technology

view channel
Image: The HIV-1 self-testing chip will be capable of selectively detecting HIV in whole blood samples (Photo courtesy of Shutterstock)

Disposable Microchip Technology Could Selectively Detect HIV in Whole Blood Samples

As of the end of 2023, approximately 40 million people globally were living with HIV, and around 630,000 individuals died from AIDS-related illnesses that same year. Despite a substantial decline in deaths... Read more

Industry

view channel
Image: The collaboration aims to leverage Oxford Nanopore\'s sequencing platform and Cepheid\'s GeneXpert system to advance the field of sequencing for infectious diseases (Photo courtesy of Cepheid)

Cepheid and Oxford Nanopore Technologies Partner on Advancing Automated Sequencing-Based Solutions

Cepheid (Sunnyvale, CA, USA), a leading molecular diagnostics company, and Oxford Nanopore Technologies (Oxford, UK), the company behind a new generation of sequencing-based molecular analysis technologies,... Read more
Copyright © 2000-2025 Globetech Media. All rights reserved.