Luteolin Nanocapsules Demonstrate Effective Anticancer Activity in Mouse Model

Nanocapsules containing the natural antioxidant luteolin were found to be significantly more effective than natural luteolin in inhibiting growth of cancer cells both in culture and in a mouse xenograft model.

Luteolin is a flavone, a type of flavonoid, and, like all flavonoids, has a yellow crystalline appearance. Dietary sources include celery, green pepper, thyme, dandelion, chamomile tea, carrots, olive oil, peppermint, rosemary, navel oranges, and oregano. Luteolin reportedly acts as a monoamine transporter activator, and is one of the few chemicals demonstrated to possess this property. Experiments have suggested that luteolin may inhibit the development of some types of skin cancer.

In the current study, investigators at Emory University (Atlanta, GA, USA) formulated water-soluble polymer-encapsulated Nano-Luteolin from luteolin, and studied its anticancer activity against lung cancer and head and neck cancer. The low water solubility of luteolin, which hampers its use in treatment due to problems of low bioavailability, poor systemic delivery, and low efficacy, led the investigators to choose a nanocapsule format for their experiments.

Results published in the January 2014 issue of the journal Cancer Prevention Research revealed that like luteolin, Nano-Luteolin inhibited the growth of lung cancer cells (H292 cell line) and squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck (SCCHN) cells (Tu212 cell line). In vivo studies using a tumor xenograft mouse model demonstrated that Nano-Luteolin had a significant inhibitory effect on the tumor growth of SCCHN in comparison to luteolin.

"Our results suggest that nanoparticle delivery of naturally occurring dietary agents like luteolin has many advantages," said senior author Dr. Dong Moon Shin, professor of hematology and medical oncology at Emory University. "By using a high concentration of luteolin in the blood, we were better able to inhibit the growth of cancer cells."

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